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يقول السائل: حديث: «إن هذه الأمة يفتنون في قبورهم» أخرجه مسلم، هل يفهم منه أن فتنة القبر ما كان في أمم قبلنا؟
الجواب:
إن هذا الحديث قد أخرجه مسلم من حديث زيد بن ثابت -رضي الله عنه-، وقد قال ﷺ: «إن هذه الأمة تبتلى في قبورها، فلولا ألا تدافنوا لدعوت الله أن يسمعكم من عذاب القبر الذي أسمعه».
وقد تنازع العلماء هل فتنة القبر بأن يأتي الملكان: منكر ونكير، ويسألان الرجل من ربك؟ وما دينك؟ ومن نبيك؟ هل هذا خاص بأمة محمد ﷺ، أم عام في الأمم الماضية؟
في المسألة أقوال ثلاثة: ذهب بعض أهل العلم إلى أنه خاص بأمة محمد ﷺ، كالحكيم الترمذي، وتمسك بظاهر هذا الحديث.
والقول الثاني: قالوا إنه عام في أمة محمد ﷺ وما قبلها من الأمم، وإلى هذا القول ذهب عبد الحق الإشبيلي، والقرطبي، والإمام ابن القيم رحمه الله تعالى.
والقول الثالث: التوقف عن المسألة، وهو قول ابن عبد البر رحمه الله تعالى.
وأصح هذه الأقوال -والله أعلم- أنه عام في أمتنا وما سبقنا من الأمم.
ومما يدل على ذلك ما ذكره الشيخ العلامة محمد بن صالح العثيمين رحمه الله تعالى، قال: إذا ثبت أن هذه الأمة تفتن في قبورها فغيرها من باب أولى.
ويؤكد ذلك أنه لا مزية لتخصيص الأمة بهذا، وليس عند الأمة ما يوجب تخصيصها بهذا دون بقية الأمم، فلذا الأظهر – والله أعلم- أن هذا عام في أمة محمد ﷺ، وما سبقها من الأمم.
أسأل الله الذي لا إله إلا هو أن يعلِّمَنا ما يَنْفَعَنَا، وأن يَنْفَعَنَا بما عَلَّمَنَا، وجزاكم الله خيرًا.
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